Pavement anatomy
Understand the layers that make up a well-built pavement.
PART 01
Surface Layer
The surface layer is the topmost part of a paved area, providing the finished look and protection against wear and tear.
- Cracks and potholes due to weather and heavy use
- Surface fading from UV exposure
- Wear from vehicle traffic
PART 02
Base Layer
The base layer sits just below the surface and provides stability and support for the pavement.
- Erosion and shifting from water drainage issues
- Weak spots leading to surface cracking
- Compaction problems causing uneven surfaces
PART 03
Sub-base Layer
The sub-base layer provides a load-bearing foundation, distributing weight and preventing the settling of the pavement.
- Improper compaction resulting in settlement
- Water pooling due to poor drainage
- Shifts caused by freeze-thaw cycles
PART 04
Subgrade
The subgrade is the native soil layer that underlies the pavement structure, offering foundational support.
- Weak soil leading to subsidence
- Drainage issues causing soil erosion
- Soil expansion or contraction from moisture changes
PART 05
Drainage System
The drainage system ensures that water is efficiently directed away from the paved surfaces to prevent damage.
- Clogged drains causing water accumulation
- Improper sloping leading to water pooling
- Erosion from inadequate drainage capacity
PART 06
Edging
Edging provides a clean boundary for paved areas, enhancing appearance and helping to maintain structural integrity.
- Displacement from soil movement
- Cracking from ground settling
- Damage from vehicle or foot traffic
PART 07
Joint Filler
Joint filler is used between paving stones or slabs to prevent movement and protect against weed growth.
- Deterioration from weather exposure
- Loss of material from erosion
- Weeds growing through gaps
PART 08
Sealcoat
Sealcoat is a protective layer applied over the surface to extend pavement life and improve appearance.
- Peeling or flaking from poor application
- Fading due to UV exposure
- Worn areas from high traffic
01 · Surface Layer
The surface layer is the topmost part of a paved area, providing the finished look and protection against wear and tear.
- Cracks and potholes due to weather and heavy use
- Surface fading from UV exposure
- Wear from vehicle traffic
02 · Base Layer
The base layer sits just below the surface and provides stability and support for the pavement.
- Erosion and shifting from water drainage issues
- Weak spots leading to surface cracking
- Compaction problems causing uneven surfaces
03 · Sub-base Layer
The sub-base layer provides a load-bearing foundation, distributing weight and preventing the settling of the pavement.
- Improper compaction resulting in settlement
- Water pooling due to poor drainage
- Shifts caused by freeze-thaw cycles
04 · Subgrade
The subgrade is the native soil layer that underlies the pavement structure, offering foundational support.
- Weak soil leading to subsidence
- Drainage issues causing soil erosion
- Soil expansion or contraction from moisture changes
05 · Drainage System
The drainage system ensures that water is efficiently directed away from the paved surfaces to prevent damage.
- Clogged drains causing water accumulation
- Improper sloping leading to water pooling
- Erosion from inadequate drainage capacity
06 · Edging
Edging provides a clean boundary for paved areas, enhancing appearance and helping to maintain structural integrity.
- Displacement from soil movement
- Cracking from ground settling
- Damage from vehicle or foot traffic
07 · Joint Filler
Joint filler is used between paving stones or slabs to prevent movement and protect against weed growth.
- Deterioration from weather exposure
- Loss of material from erosion
- Weeds growing through gaps
08 · Sealcoat
Sealcoat is a protective layer applied over the surface to extend pavement life and improve appearance.
- Peeling or flaking from poor application
- Fading due to UV exposure
- Worn areas from high traffic